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Sept. 3, 1929. WINKLER MULTISTAGE TURBOMIXER Original Filed Aug.v 20, 1926 I5 Sheets-Sheet 5 u I fill/Ill Ill!!! iii-2 w will M [22 Van for M Mn . Q} h 74M W Patented Sept. 3, 1929.

UNITED STATES! PATENT OFFICE.

KURT WINKLER, F FRANKENTHAL, GERMANY, ASSIGN'OR TO I. G, FARBENINDUS- TRIE AKTIENGESELLSGHAFT, OF FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY.

MULTIS'I'AGE TURBOMIXER.

Original application filed August 20,1926, Serial No. 130,482, and in Germany August 27, 1925. Illivided and this application filed January 21, 1928. Serial No. 248,435.

, This invention relates to improvements in multi-stage mixing or emulsifying apparatus. A method. is known for continuous intense mixing of either liquid, or partly liquid and B partly gaseous, or partly liquid and partly solid materials which consists in passing the material to be treated through a series of mixing or stirring devices. Preferably the single mixers are constructed similar to water turbines or centrifugal pumps resulting in the advantage of being able to connect the single mixing elements in a favorable manner from a constructors point ofview. For instance, the mixing wheels may be arranged beside each other or concentrically upon one shaft whereby it becomespossible to construct highly condensed aggregates of engines.

In the working of multi-stage mixers of the type referredto, difliculties arose owing tothe fact that, in consequence of the unavoidable inaccuracies of construction, the one stage tended to consume more material than was furnished by the other stage of the system. As a result, the stage producingthe greater effect will. take away the material from the other stages whereby, of course, the mixing effect is impaired. i i

Another drawback of the knownconstructions is to be considered inasmuch as the pressures produced in the single stages are added to one another from stageto stage so that even after a fewstages excessivepressures may be produced whereby special constructive measures arenecessitatedj Furthermore, taking into consideration that the effect of any mixing or stirring process is based upon the destruction of mechanical energy, a certain quantity ofheat is communicated to the material under treatmentin each of the stages. In the case of excessive energy being produced in a single stage the resulting heat may injure the material under treatment when sensible toheat. The object of my present invention is to '45 so improve the structure of the'a'pparatus in question that. the drawbacks offthe-former constructions are avoided. The nature of the invention consists in insertin between each two mixing stages, receivers into which the foregoing mixing stage delivers and from which the following stage sucks up the material under treatment. In order to compensate for the diiferent volumes supplied it is preferred to make the receivers communireceiver is provided, to afford the possibility of compensation, when different quantities are supplied from the single mixing stages, the evacuation of any of the receivers thus being prevented.

In order to prevent certain parts of the ma terial to be mixed from leaving the machine Without having passed all mixing stages, provision is made for the arrangement of throttling elements to permit of adjusting the sup ply from each single stage in such a manner that all portions of the liquid are by force obliged once at least to circulate through all mixing stages. This is attained, according to my invention, by adjusting the supplies so as to make them decrease from stage to stage. I A certain slight quantity is then returned to the preceding receiver so that it passes through the same mixer twice. The levels of the liquid varying in accordance with the different effects of the mixers act so as to automatically adjust the single supplies.

Another object of my invention is to provide means for preventing excessive heating of the'material under treatment or, in some cases, to communicate heat to the material if desired. For this purpose the single receivers may be provided withmeans for cooling or heating the material under treatment. To this end cooling or heating worms may be arranged in the interior of the receivers,

or the receivers may be provided with heating or cooling jackets. Apparatuses of the type described and embodying the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section showing a fourstage mixer having four mixersmounted on one shaft, and Fig. 2 is a vertical section of a mixer having three concentric sets of paddlawheels concentrically mounted on one shaft, and Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section of a mixer having two sets of two concentrically arrangedpaddlewheels mounted on one shaft.

The same referenceletters are used for the 'passed the first paddle-wheel is conducted through a pipe 8 provided with a throttling valve 1) to a container 6 provided with a coolingor heating-jacket A and adapted I to communicate with the outer air by a valve i in the cover 9. By a second pipe 10 the container 6 is connected with the inlet side of the second paddle-wheel 2, the outlet side of which communicates through pipe 11 and valve w, with a second container f from which a pipe 12 leads to the inlet side of the third paddle wheel 3. The outlet side of the latter communicates through pipe 13 and valve m with a third container 9 from which the pipe 1 leads to the inlet side of the fourth paddle wheel 4. The finished product leaves the machine through the outlet 15 the crosssection of which may be regulated by the valve 16.

A communication between the air spaces or the liquids in the containers e, f and y can be established by means of the pipes 17, and 18 provided with valves n, 0 or the pipes 19, 20 with valves r, s respectively. The containers 7 and g are provided with gas outlets 70, Z and heatingor cooling-jackets B, C corresponding to the parts i and A respectively of the container 6.

The construction shown in Fig. 2 is based upon the same principles as that just described, but that the single paddle-wheels 21, 22, 23 are concentrically arranged. They .are mounted upon a disc-like hub 24 forming the end of a rotatable shaft 25. The material to be treated is introduced through the pipe 26 perforated near its'end by a number of slots 27 forming a circular diaphragm through which the material enters the first paddle-wheel 21. An annular space 28 is formed around this paddle-Wheel 21 by a hollow annular body 29 inwardly projecting from the wall of the casing 30, which space through a pipe 31 and a valve 4) communicates with a container 6 quite similar to the container 0 in Fig. 1. A second pipe 32 leads from the container 6 to the above-mentioned annular body 29 the outer wall of which is perforated by a number of slots 33 through which the material under treatment is supplied to the second paddle-wheel 22. A second container communicates with the outlet side of wheel 22 through pipe 34 and valve w and with the inlet side of the third paddlewheel 23 through a pipe 85. The parts i, is,

17, 19, n, 1', A and B correspond exactly to the parts of Fig. 1 marked by the same reference letters.

The finished product is expelled through the outlet 16.

Referring to Fig. 3, I have here shown a four-stage mixer in which two sets of two concentrically arranged paddle-wheels 36, 37, 38, 39 are mounted in series. The first and second stages are connected by a container e, and the third with the fourth stage by a container 9 in exactly the same manner as in Fig. 2', whilst the second and the third stages communicate with one another in the same manner as the corresponding stages in Fig. 1. The direction of the liquids being indicated by arrows, this figure needs'no further description.

I wish it to be understood that the constructions here shown are susceptible of material modification without departing from the spirit of the invention, especially it is obvious that the number of the stages may be increased within wide limits.

I claim 2- 1. In a multi-stage mixing apparatus of the turbine or centrifugal pump type the combination of a plurality of single mixers the paddle wheels of which are connected in series, and conduits extending from the outlet 9 side of a single mixer and from the inletside of the subsequent single mixer and ending in a common receiver which communicates with the atmosphere.

2. In a multi-stage mixing apparatus of the turbine or centrifugal pump type the combination of a plurality of single mixers the paddle wheels of which are connected in series, conduits extending from the outlet sides of the first, second, third, &c. single mixers and from the inlet sides of the second, third, fourth, &c. single mixers, each of the pairs of conduits which extend from the outlet side of one mixer and from the inlet side of the subsequent mixer ending in one receiver,- and means for connecting the air spaces of the single receivers in series. 1

3. Ina multi-stage mixing apparatus of the turbine or centrifugal pump type the combination of a plurality of single mixers the paddle wheels of which are connected in series, conduits extending from the outletsides of the first,second, third, 620. single mixers, and from the inlet sides of the second, third, fourth, &c. single mixers, each of the pairs of conduits which extend from the outlet side of one mixer and from the inlet side of the subsequent mixer ending in one receiver, andmeans for connecting the liquid spaces of the single receivers in series.

4. In a multi-stage mixing. apparatus of the turbine or centrifugal pump type the combination of a plurality of single mixers the paddle wheels of which are connected in series, conduits extending from the outlet sides of the first, second, third, &c. single mixers and from the inlet sides of the second, third, fourth, &c. single mixers, each of the airs of conduits which extend from the outet side of one mixer and from the inlet-side of the subsequent mixer ending in one receiver, means for connecting the air spaces of the single receivers with each other and with the atmosphere, and means for connecting the liquid spaces of the single receivers in series.

5. In a multi-stage mixing apparatus of the turbine or centrifugal pump type the combination of a plurality of single mixers the paddle wheels of which are connected in series, and conduits extending from the outlet side of a single mixer and from the inlet side of the subsequent single mixer and ending in a common receiver, means being provided for decreasing the voluminal effect of the last stage and thereby returning an excess of material to the preceding stages.

6. In a multi-stage mixing apparatus of the turbine or centrifugal pump type the combination of a plurality of single mixers the paddle wheels of which are connected in series, conduits extending from the outlet side of a single mixer and from the inlet side of the subsequent single mixer and ending in a common receiver, and a throttling device for decreasing the voluminal effect of the last stage and thereby returning an excess of material to the preceding stages.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

KURT WINKLER. 

